Why you should use a computer firewall

Copy write Microsoft Corp.

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•	Introduction to Viruses, Worms, and Trojan Horses

Connecting to the Internet without a firewall is like leaving the keys in your car with the engine running and the doors unlocked while you run into the store. Although you may be able to get in and out before anyone notices, someone may take advantage of the opportunity. On the Internet, hackers use malicious code, such as viruses, worms, and Trojan Horses, to try to find those unlocked doors—an unprotected computer. A firewall can help protect your computer against these and other security attacks.

So what can a hacker do? It depends on the nature of the attack. While some are simple nuisances that may play simple pranks, others are created with malicious intent. These more severe strains may attempt to delete information from your computer, crash it, or even steal personal information, such as passwords or credit card numbers. Some hackers enjoy nothing better than breaking into vulnerable computers. Viruses, worms, and Trojan Horses are scary. Fortunately, you can reduce your risk of infection by using a firewall.

How do I choose a firewall?

A firewall works by examining information coming from and going to the Internet. It identifies and ignores information that comes from a dangerous location or seems suspicious. If you set up your firewall properly, hackers searching for vulnerable computers can't detect your computer.

There are three basic types of firewalls available today. The first step in choosing a firewall is to determine which one is best for you. Your options include:

1.	Software firewalls
2.	Hardware routers
3.	Wireless routers

To get started, answer these questions (and record your answers):

1.	How many computers will be using the firewall?
2.	What operating system are you using? (This might be a version of Microsoft Windows®, Macintosh, or Linux.)

That's it. You are now ready to start thinking about what type of firewall you would like to use. There are several options, each with its own pros and cons.

Internet Connection Firewall (Windows XP only)

The Internet Connection Firewall (ICF) is built into Windows XP. It is not available as a stand-alone package, nor is it available for non-XP versions of Windows or other operating systems (e.g., Apple Macintosh or Linux).

ICF: Pros	ICF: Cons
It's a software package built into Windows XP	You cannot use it with multiple computers
You do not have to install the software	Only available for Windows XP

Software firewalls

Software firewalls work well with Windows 98, Windows ME, and Windows 2000. They are a good choice for single computers. Other software companies make these firewalls. They are not necessary on Windows XP because XP has a built-in firewall.

Software firewalls: Pros	Software firewalls: Cons
Does not require additional hardware	Additional cost: most software firewalls cost money
Does not require additional computer wiring	Installation and configuration may be required to get started
A good option for single computers	One copy is typically required for each computer

Hardware routers

Hardware routers are a good choice for home networks that will be connected to the Internet.

Hardware routers: Pros	Hardware routers: Cons
Hardware routers usually have at least four network ports to connect other computers together.	Requires wiring, which can clutter your desktop area
Hardware routers provide firewall protection for multiple computers

Wireless routers

If you have or are planning to use a wireless network, you will need a wireless router. Only a few wireless routers come equipped with a built-in firewall, so you may need to purchase a firewall separately.

Wireless routers: Pros	Wireless routers: Cons
Wireless routers allow you to connect computers, portable computers, personal desk assistants, and printers without using wiring	Wireless devices broadcast information using radio signals that can be intercepted by someone outside of your home (with the right equipment)
Wireless routers are excellent for connecting notebook computers to the Internet and networks	Using a wireless router requires you to use a wireless adapter in any computer that connects to it. Therefore, you may have to pay for extra equipment
	Not all wireless routers come equipped with a built-in firewall, so you may have to purchase one separately

Next step: Start using a firewall today

Connecting to the Internet can create dangers for the unaware computer user. Using a firewall can help reduce your risk. Installing a firewall is just the first step toward safer surfing online. You can continue to improve your computer's security by keeping your software up to date and maintaining a current antivirus software subscription.

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